When Bureaucracy Works
“Still we live meanly, like ants; though the fable tells us that we were
long ago changed into men; like pygmies we fight with cranes; it is error
upon error, and clout upon clout,...”
Henry David Thoreau - Walden
A certain amount of bureaucracy is necessary, though it can quickly become unwieldy. Too little and you can’t create a consistent and scalable business. Too much and you end up with people blindly doing what they’re told without a sense of the outcome or empowerment to change it.
My Apple watch recently broke. I was riding my bike along, minding my own business, when suddenly a couple of jagged rocks emerged from a downhill portion of the trail, caught my tire, and...well, I went flying through the air towards my inevitable appointment with the ground.
Sigh. I’ve been here before. After taking a deep breath and checking myself for injuries, I stood up, brushed myself off, and continued. Ain’t no rocks gonna get the best of me this time.
That is until I got home. As I laid my finger on my watch screen to read a new text, I could see the glimmer of light reflecting off the cracks and missing pieces of glass on my Series 5 watch. My assessment: That’s not good. Fortunately, accident-prone as I am, I’m prepared for just this type of event...I’ve got an insurance plan for my watch. Unfortunately, well, I still have to deal with the insurance company. That may be more painful than the crash itself.
I head to their site, fill out the form, and receive a response from an associate to get the watch repaired and send them the bill. Great, I can do that! Off to the Apple store. Because my insurance is through a 3rd party, the Apple specialist gives me 2 options: send my 3-year-old watch off for a 1-2 week repair costing $350, in hopes they can fix it, OR replace it with a Series 9 for $300. Well, that seems to be a no-brainer, except I’m dealing with insurance which is notorious for, well, bureaucratic processes. Ughh. If I want to leverage my policy I need to be careful to follow their rules so I will get reimbursed.
I still have to deal with the insurance company.
That may be more painful than the crash itself.
So, standing with the associate, I combed the fine print looking for clear verbiage of how to proceed. It was absent. I reached out to the agent who provided the initial instructions, but she was out until Thursday...and it was Tuesday. So, last move. I called the main number and explained the scenario to another agent. In my shock, she said, “That makes sense. Go ahead and get the newer watch and I’ll add a note to your claim and send you an email with the next steps.” 10 minutes later I was on my way home with a replacement.
This has me thinking about the role of bureaucracy in business and the balance between too much and too little.
- Rules and processes are absolutely necessary for consistency and scale. We need them. They are the guardrails that allow us to easily convey expectations and train new employees. They decrease the time and attention we spend on monotonous tactical decision-making. They allow us to deliver consistent outcomes repeatedly. For both the insurance company and Apple, they allowed for quick claim submission, appointment scheduling, expectation conveyance, diagnosis, and paths forward. They let me go from a broken watch to weighing the following steps within a day of the accident.
- Teach people to think, understand, and use the information to make intelligent decisions. When a process isn’t relevant OR the outcome doesn’t match the desired experience, what then? Teach people about what they’re trying to achieve. Teach them how to think about problems in a variety of related scenarios. Give them the latitude to independently make decisions. Sure, sometimes they’ll get it wrong, but more often they’ll get it right. The insurance agent could have stuck to the process and said, “We can only cover your watch for a like model.” Instead, she weighed the facts and had the authority to change course, saving her company money AND solidifying a customer for life.
- Teach outcomes AND regularly celebrate people who break the mold to deliver them. What happens when the business changes? When the once-critical process is no longer meaningful? This happens often. Rules and processes are living components of business. They must be maintained, analyzed, and modified on a regular basis OR they become stale. The insurance agent made a smart decision in the moment, but if that decision isn’t used to drive process modification you risk a different result next time. Celebrating the smart decision signals that you care about the outcomes, not the rule-following. It also signals that there may be something you need to adjust for. We can always learn more. We can always improve. We’re ready to move when an opportunity for improvement presents itself.
And remember, finding the right balance is tricky. It’s why so few places do it well. If you need help striking the balance in your organization,
reach out for a free consultation. I’d love to help!






